This is a brief guide summarizing the main points of each interface mode. The main difference between the serial and parallel interfaces is how they transmit data. In serial interface the data is sent or received one bit at a time over a series of clock pulses.
In parallel mode the interface sends and receives 4 bits, 8 bits, or 16 bits of data at a time over multiple transmission lines. These two interface modes will be explained in further detail below. The serial interface is a bi-directional data bus that transmits a series of 8-bits in parity, each with a set clock pulse width, and one at a time. Parallel bus Parallel buses need to consider the cooperativity of data because multiple data are transmitted at the same time, which leads to the fact that the frequency of parallel transmission cannot be made very high.
In contrast, the serial bus has only one link, so the frequency can be made very high, and the transmission speed can be increased. The increased speed can make up for the defect that only one data can be transmitted at a time. In addition, the data of two adjacent links of the parallel bus are transmitted at the same time, which will cause serious interference between them.
The more parallel links, the stronger the interference. Therefore, the parallel bus needs to strengthen the anti-interference ability, otherwise the data may be damaged during the transmission.
If the data fails during the transmission, the data needs to be realigned and then transmitted. However, if a data error occurs on a serial bus, it only needs to be retransmitted once. Due to the high frequency of the serial bus, the erroneous data can be retransmitted soon. This valuable space can be used for other features such as bigger battery, more memory, or be eliminated to push the boundaries on shrinking devices altogether.
This also means serial ports, cables, and connectors are also more cost-efficient. Less wires required for data transmission, means smaller and less complex traces. The simplified design saves manufacturing and design costs. The connector heads for serial ports are also capable of many more insertions over the life of the connector when compared to parallel. Since the exposed pins have been removed and the process of plugging has become easier, the potential for damage in the port or connector head has nearly been eliminated.
This means that these ports will now last longer than parallel. The serial protocol is also much more reliable at high-frequency data transmission and long-distance applications.
Since serial sends one bit at a time over a single wire it is very hard for data to get jumbled when speeds are increased. There is no way for data to reach the receiver before or after bits are sent by the source device. A fully optimized parallel application can indeed send more data at faster rates than serial but high levels of optimization take a lot of time to develop and perfect.
Serial is also much better to use for long-distance connections greater than 3 ft. Since all data is being sent on a single wire, long-distance applications are much more reliable when using serial. Data does not get bunched up and can be sent at very high speeds with nearly perfect accuracy making serial ideal for reliable long-distance data transfer applications. The main drawback of serial communication is the lack of speed potential. More wires generally mean more speed.
If applications optimize for parallel communication and iron out all the issues with bit-level timing, the data transfer rate will far exceed that of serial communication.
However, with modern technology advancements, many of the speed limitations initially found with serial communication have been overcome. The need to reduce space and costs of designs led to a prevalence of serial protocols. As technology continues to develop, it is not uncommon to see serial communication above 10 Gbps are seen in USB 3. From use in real-time clocks, LCD screens, automobiles, medical devices, and mobile phones, these protocols are used in a broad range of applications.
One thing these protocols have in common is their communication style; they all communicate over serial. Total Phase specializes in serial protocol analyzers and programmers. The adapter has free and easy-to-use software and is fully supported on Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems. This tool is powerful, portable, and affordable making it a great tool for all I2C and SPI engineers.
The analyzer works with the free Data Center Software that is fully supported on Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems. Serial and parallel communication have pros and cons when considering which standard to implement into devices and designs. The speed that parallel is capable of is attractive but complicated and expensive to pursue.
Whereas the reliability and small footprint of serial communication makes it an appealing option. With advances in speed, serial communication is becoming the standard for data delivery applications and is the prevailing communication style being pursued today.
Total Phase. Register Login. Post Detail. Brendan Murphy October27, Print. How Does Serial Communication Work? How Does Parallel Communication Work? Parallel vs Serial Cables The cables used for parallel and serial communication look quite a bit different from each other. Parallel Cables Parallel cables are most easy to spot if you can see individual pins visible on the connector head as seen in the picture below.
Serial Cables Serial cables are much more common to spot in everyday life.
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